A complete hydraulic system consists of five parts, which are power components, executive components, control components, auxiliary components and working media.
The function of a power element is to convert the mechanical energy of the machine to the pressure energy of the liquid. A power element is a hydraulic pump in a hydraulic system that supplies power to the entire hydraulic system. The structure of the hydraulic pump generally divide into gear pump, vane pump, piston pump, screw pump.
The function of the executive element is to convert the pressure energy of the liquid into the mechanical energy, and to drive the load for a linear reciprocating or rotary motion. Executive element has a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic motor.
Control components (which is a variety of hydraulic valves) in the hydraulic system to control and regulate the pressure, flow and direction of the liquid. According to the different control functions, hydraulic valves can be divided into hydraulic pressure control valves, hydraulic flow control valves and hydraulic directional control valves. Pressure control valve is divided into relief valve, pressure relief valve, sequence valve, etc.; flow control valves including throttle valve, regulating valve, diversion valve; directional control valve includes one-way valve, shuttle valve, reversing valve, etc.. According to different control methods, hydraulic valves can be divided into switch control valve, fixed value control valve and proportional control valve.
Auxiliary components including accumulators, filters, cooler, heater, tubing, pipe fittings, oil tank, pressure gauge, flow meter, sealing device, effect of their connection, oil filter and oil pressure measurement.
Working medium refers to various types of hydraulic transmission of hydraulic oil or emulsion, there are a variety of mineral oil, emulsion and synthetic hydraulic oil. The hydraulic system is to realize the movement and power transmission.
